Air pollution and emissions

In the developing countries the rising air pollution levels are creating ill health, premature mortality and other problems. In spinning mills, microdust is released in the departments due to trashy cotton being opened in the blowroom and also ample fly fluff is created in the subsequent processes. The generation of fly and fluff increases with increasing speed of the machines. Dust, smoke and fumes are the different forms of solid particulate matter differing in quality and particle size. Human inhales the dust particles varying in size between 0.25 to 1 microns. Out of these, nearly 55% are retained, creating health hazards . An industrial byproduct or waste emitted from various sources is considered as the main cause of air pollution. The problems of air pollution and its influence on human health and nature are of major concern today. The physical and chemical characteristics of the dust and gases are important parameters for a mass of polluted air.A proper filtration of air can control these particles and can help to reduce health problems in the population. The textile industry, mainly synthetic fibre industry is complex due to several process activities involving polymers and chemicals. These industries are dynamic in nature use a variety of monomers and additive combinations. These processes generate air emissions and solid wastes. Particulate matters and volatiles are resulted in air emission and air pollution. Particulate emissions consist of solid particles of dust varying in size between 1-100 micron and non-particulate emissions consist of liquid effluents.Increasing industrialization and more stringent environmental regulations regarding the release of particulate matter into the atmosphere mandated improvedcontrol of particulate emissions from industrial operations. This led to the development of various kinds of filter media, in order to reduce or minimize the concentrations of noxious dust or gases in the environment, different filter medias are used. Moreover, the fabric filters are cheaper to produce so that economics made them cost competitive and the door was opened for using fabric filters.